“Scientific and Specialized Journal of Modern Literary Research”

“Scientific and Specialized Journal of Modern Literary Research”

The contrast of ugliness and beauty with destruction and peace in lyric poetry based on the approach of Claude Strauss

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
saiid emami 1
ghasem sahrayi 2
1 Ph.D. Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran
Abstract
The famous structuralist Claude Louis-Strauss, in his structural research, came to believe that the human mind has a specific structure that follows dual oppositions. In this article, an attempt has been made to show the foundations that strengthen the belief in the opposite relationship between beauty and ugliness and their relationship with destruction and peace. Also, the conflicting themes of ugliness and beauty and their relationship with destruction and peace should be defined and described based on the plan based on presence and absence, and the contrasts should be defined. After examining poems such as Khosrow and Shirin, Laili and Majnoon, Haft Peykar, Homai and Homayun, Weiss and Ramin, and Gol and Nowruz, the existence of a conflicting structure between the relationship of ugliness and beauty with destruction and peace is clear and it also became clear that the infrastructure of this confrontation, in addition to the structure of the absolutist and antagonism mind of man, has been strengthened and turned into a culture by the dualistic thinking and rituals that believe in the antagonism of Ahura Mazda with the devil and the creatures of these two. Although the concepts of ugliness and beauty are relative, blackness is one of the most obvious characteristics of ugliness in themes that talk about this concept. In addition, disproportionate organs such as the nose, ears, teeth, etc. are other characteristics of ugliness. On the other hand, beauty is mentioned with characteristics such as the brightness of the face, and the proportionality of the body. The bi-polar and absolutist structure of the human mind causes these contradictions, but the rituals and religions that interpret the world as dualistic turn this feature of the mind into a belief and as a result into a general culture that permeates all aspects of life as a result and also takes root in literature. It is like this that through the language and structures of the text, one can understand the infrastructures and recognize the effective factors in the culture. Although in the beginning, it was the man who created the language, civilizations and people expand their meanings through language to the point where man becomes a prisoner of language, and it is the language that creates culture, even though there would be no traces left of those civilizations and people.
Keywords
Ugliness
Beauty
Destruction
Peace
Lyrical literature
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