This study aims to provide a linguistic analysis of the fundamental concepts of fear (khawf) and hope (raja) in Attar’s Tadhkirat al-Awliya and to explain their psychological functions within the framework of the psychology of religion. The necessity of this research lies in the fact that fear and hope represent two central poles of religious and mystical experience, and analyzing them in a text such as Tadhkirat al-Awliya can clarify the relationship between language, psyche, and spirituality. The main research question addresses how Attar, through linguistic structures, semantic fields, and rhetorical strategies, represents experiences of fear and hope and gives them meaning within the psychological structure of the spiritual seeker. The research adopts a qualitative approach based on semantic discourse analysis and cognitive semantics. The data were collected by extracting linguistic units related to fear and hope from the text and analyzing them in light of theories in the psychology of religion. The findings indicate that Attar, through syntactic contrasts, didactic metaphors, and dual semantic networks, portrays fear as a force of vigilance and purification, while hope functions as a source of optimism, resilience, and connection to divine mercy. The balance between these two experiences is depicted not only as the foundation of mystical wayfaring but also as a mechanism for religious psychological well-being within the Persian mystical tradition.